V26: SP says there were such people at that time too who would think that life comes from chemicals etc - Vaibhasika philosophy. Neo buddhism are people who believe that they can go to the planet of Buddha. Some feel we rise up from the chemicals and scientists now also believe that. Living entity feels they are getting more and more advanced but they are getting more and more delusional. Krsna is saying even if you feel this way Arjuna you should not be afraid as these are chemicals and there is no rebirth so you should still fight - so no sinful reactions. Prior to this he spoke about souls eternality and here he talks about athestics and buddhists. Here he is cornering Arjuna and no excuses and hence there is no reason to lament.
V27: After you are done with one term of activities you need to move to another set of activities and it's a natural cycle so death is part of this cycle and it generates no loss for anyone in one sense. So if someone is lamenting that someone is going to die, this verse says everyone is going to die, if one dies they are sure to take birth again.So hence, Arjuna also should not lament but at same time SP says we can't go around and kill people - this is not our philosophy. Violence is for keeping law and order. Arjuna gains from this that I shouldn't be afraid that my relatives are going to be dying - as it is part of his duty to kill and he shouldn't fear sinful reactions and they will take rebirth again as they will take birth according to their karma. Even if you don't fight they are still going to die and if he doesn't do his duty he will actually get sinful reactions so he should do his duty.
V28: Death actually doesn't cause any loss. Death is usual. Any ideology you follow, anybody who takes birth has to die and hence all created beings are unmanifest in the beginning and when they are unmanifest, there is no body and this body is created only for us to enjoy in this material world due to our desires to enjoy in this material world. This is know as Pradan, glance of the Lord and Maha shanbu agitation due to time and then the material entities are created. At time of annihilation, they all go back into the pradan.
V29: This verse is know as the "AMAZING VERSE" - look, describe, hear and see HIM as amazing. This is how people get bewildered in different ways. Factually the soul is existing. He is proving to Arjuna that he is a soul. This can be translated into 3 ways and also the second line can be translated into 3 ways and hence - people get amazed. Looking at an ant vs whale they feel that soul can be so small and sometimes so big and because they are so intrigued by material life, they get caught up in this misconception. But what is so important is what SP says in the last paragraph in this verse - The easiest process for understanding the subject matter of self, however, is to accept the statements of the Bhagavad-gītā spoken by the greatest authority, Lord Kṛṣṇa, without being deviated by other theories. But it also requires a great deal of penance and sacrifice, either in this life or in the previous ones, before one is able to accept Kṛṣṇa as the Supreme Personality of Godhead. Kṛṣṇa can, however, be known as such by the causeless mercy of the pure devotee and by no other way.
Verses from 11-30 are all jnana section, V30 - Here Krsna is summarizing the section saying, the soul can never be slain, so Arjuna stop grieving and please do you duty. SP, concludes this section very nicely in his purport.
V 31-38: Reason for the prescribed duty or Karma kanda section. So if you execute your dharma properly then you will have sufficient material happiness otherwise no material happiness is possible.
Common theme is by performing your prescribed duty material happiness comes by the grace of Krsna.
V31: Prabhupada explains who is a Ksatriya. He protects from harm. Who are they used to protect? Either from enemies or themselves by doing religious duties. They are trained in the forest, they are trained killing of some animals but not ruthlessly, if such animals are killed then according to the religious principles they are gotten a higher birth. They are trained to do such things - go to forest, they become fearless by fighting lions, tigers etc. Hence his desire of sanyasa is not accepted by Krsna. Therefore, killing on the battlefield on religious principles and killing animals in the sacrificial fire are not at all considered to be acts of violence, because everyone is benefited by the religious principles involved. Such animals are automatically given a higher birth in their next life and the ksatriya gets liberation directly.
Sva dharma - liberated and non liberated stage - In liberated stage we are doing our duties based on pleasing Krsna and this is pure dev. service. In non liberated stage do sadhana bhakti to come to the stage of liberated stage. Do your duty so you can set them as examples, so people can follow what's right and wrong. Sometimes people copy people they look up to, haence SP makes another description - sva dharma is called varnasrama dharma. Everyone in this nature they rise to higher planetary system and hence they are alled varnasrama dharma. Hence we should say Davi - varnasrama dharma . You feel like are you doing for your satisfaction. If you follow nicely then in next life you get a higher life etc.Also speaks about the
V 32:Here he condemns Arjuna's speech an d Krsna also sayd that Ksatriya is happy when they get these fighting opportunity as they go to the heavenly planets. Even when they are not looking, when someone challenges they are happy and they want to fight. Arjuna was not able to appreciate this poiition. This is a karma kanda process as here Ksatriyas want to go to the heavely planets.
V33: He was a great fighter and he also had got fame and blessing from Lord Siva. This verse totally defeats his argument of incuring sins. Krsna is saying if you don't do your religious duty you will certainly incur sins. Here he is saying how Arjuna is going to suffer. It is not noble for him to leave the battlefield.
v34: Here Krsna is saying that infamy is worse than death. Arjuna is very respectable person and if someone speaks badly about you and are dishonored then you feel very bad and it is worse than death. Here Krsna is giving his final judgement to Arjuna. Dronacharya also won't be happy seeing Arjuna go away from the battlefield and everybody would say you are a coward. Infamy is worse than death. Krsna is saying even I don't want to be known as your friend then.
V35: They will all call him a coward and hence Krsna wants him to fight. It will be more painful for Arjuna to hear that. Kstariyas have the fighting nature and are chivalrous and hence we can't think like that. Similarly, as devotees we need to do our duty our instructions from SM, do our temple duties and hence we need to perform our actions nicely, if we don't do our actions properly then people will make fun of our movement.
V37: Main thing - don't worry about the result, just do what I'm telling you to do. What you are supposed to do is more important, but the outcome is based on your karma, Krsna's desire, your desires etc - just get up and do your duty and vows (chant your 16 rounds everyday, do your 5 dev services and responsibility to family) but don't worry about the end result, do your duty properly. At this time Dhirtarastra is feeling very happy
Next how one can work in knowledge. Chapter 2 is the second longest chapter. Longest is chapter 18.
V38: For sake of duty fight. You need to fight for the sake of fighting. When you are fighting you can't think of fighting or not fighting, because as a Ksatriya that is your nature and duty. Here Krsna is putting things to rest and he is telling Arjuna that this is what needs to be done. Everything should be done for the sake of Krsna. One is doing everything to please Krsna. Do fight for the sake of fighting, this is Krsna's desire. Then you shall never incur sin. But if you act for Krsna's pleasure then there is no reaction - good or bad no reaction, but these days we are doing everything for our pleasure and that's the problem. When you take birth, you already have so many debts to take of everybody that you will miss someone and karma kanda won't allow us to repay everyone's debts.example - the king giving cows to brahmanas. Karma kanda you can make mistakes, Sooner you please Krsna, everyone is pleased and that should be our way. Niskam karma yoga is what is needed - do the activity but without any desires for the results of the duty - Detached work. When we do niskam karma, we offer results of that work also to Krsna. So we are doing it for Krsna and also the results are offered to Krsna - example Book distribution - for Krsna and results are also offered to Krsna. Difference between Nishkaarm karma yoga for a devotee vs non devotee.
39-53 : Buddhi yoga - working for Krsna with his intelligence so there is no reaction.
V39:So far explained by analytical study (29-30 jnana difference between matter spirt, soul and body) sO far Krsna hasn't asked Arjuna to renounce activites. This is like niskam karma yoga - work in knowledge but detached from the results - what results misery or happiness. Practical application of how a soul can apply this knowledge. SP explains - one works for the pleasure of Krsna and that is the difference. Not just do it for Krsna but to please him - Best is to please Krsna, do something to please him. Sankhya yoga is once you understand soul and body you come to buddhi yoga. Jnana is used to perform duty but is used to please Krsna. Sankhya means looking into details but Sankhya yoga is different. Everything we have is going to pulled out from our fingers at time of death so we need to open ourselves to this fact and hence don't become attached to too many things in our life. Last paragraph is very important.Then we are doing buddhi yoga or bhakti yoga when we are doing everything for Krsna's pleasure in cooperation with others. Bottomline when we do service nicely and we are trying to please the Lord, then the Lord from within will guide him so he can understand his eternal position and help him go back home back to Godhead.
karma kanda - is only interested in fruitive results. Brahmanas guide such persons. Bottom of the pack and lower than these people are barbarians etc.
higher than karma kanda is sakaam karma yoga
Sakaam karma yoga - lot of material desires. Demigods are sakaam karma yogis but are still bhaktas for Krsna. When they are doing things for Krsna they are always hoping something for themselves. They approach Krsna but also hope something for themselves. Higher than that is niskaam karma yoga.
Niskaam karma yoga BY Devotee of Krsna.- Higher than that. Working with no desires but their desires are to please Krsna, they are not interested in the results. Another group in this Jnanis - they will do it but they don't want any reactions. They do it with detachment but they don't want it any results but not for Krsna so it's a little lower - their desires is to merge with the brahman.
But higher than than is Bhakti yoga.
The main point is to please Krsna is whatever you do and you can advance by doing service to advanced devotees. You ask the advanced devotee what service can you do for them. When you do nice service to the best of your ability, they will be please and when Krsna's dear devotee is pleased then Krsna is pleased and then he will give you the ability to understand the scriptures and make advancement in your spiritual life. Hence it is very important to please your Spiritual Master by doing service for him based on his instructions - example - book distribution - make progress in unique ways to increase book distribution and then Gurudeva is going to be very happy and that will give allow you to make progress in devotional service.
V27: After you are done with one term of activities you need to move to another set of activities and it's a natural cycle so death is part of this cycle and it generates no loss for anyone in one sense. So if someone is lamenting that someone is going to die, this verse says everyone is going to die, if one dies they are sure to take birth again.So hence, Arjuna also should not lament but at same time SP says we can't go around and kill people - this is not our philosophy. Violence is for keeping law and order. Arjuna gains from this that I shouldn't be afraid that my relatives are going to be dying - as it is part of his duty to kill and he shouldn't fear sinful reactions and they will take rebirth again as they will take birth according to their karma. Even if you don't fight they are still going to die and if he doesn't do his duty he will actually get sinful reactions so he should do his duty.
V28: Death actually doesn't cause any loss. Death is usual. Any ideology you follow, anybody who takes birth has to die and hence all created beings are unmanifest in the beginning and when they are unmanifest, there is no body and this body is created only for us to enjoy in this material world due to our desires to enjoy in this material world. This is know as Pradan, glance of the Lord and Maha shanbu agitation due to time and then the material entities are created. At time of annihilation, they all go back into the pradan.
V29: This verse is know as the "AMAZING VERSE" - look, describe, hear and see HIM as amazing. This is how people get bewildered in different ways. Factually the soul is existing. He is proving to Arjuna that he is a soul. This can be translated into 3 ways and also the second line can be translated into 3 ways and hence - people get amazed. Looking at an ant vs whale they feel that soul can be so small and sometimes so big and because they are so intrigued by material life, they get caught up in this misconception. But what is so important is what SP says in the last paragraph in this verse - The easiest process for understanding the subject matter of self, however, is to accept the statements of the Bhagavad-gītā spoken by the greatest authority, Lord Kṛṣṇa, without being deviated by other theories. But it also requires a great deal of penance and sacrifice, either in this life or in the previous ones, before one is able to accept Kṛṣṇa as the Supreme Personality of Godhead. Kṛṣṇa can, however, be known as such by the causeless mercy of the pure devotee and by no other way.
Verses from 11-30 are all jnana section, V30 - Here Krsna is summarizing the section saying, the soul can never be slain, so Arjuna stop grieving and please do you duty. SP, concludes this section very nicely in his purport.
V 31-38: Reason for the prescribed duty or Karma kanda section. So if you execute your dharma properly then you will have sufficient material happiness otherwise no material happiness is possible.
Common theme is by performing your prescribed duty material happiness comes by the grace of Krsna.
V31: Prabhupada explains who is a Ksatriya. He protects from harm. Who are they used to protect? Either from enemies or themselves by doing religious duties. They are trained in the forest, they are trained killing of some animals but not ruthlessly, if such animals are killed then according to the religious principles they are gotten a higher birth. They are trained to do such things - go to forest, they become fearless by fighting lions, tigers etc. Hence his desire of sanyasa is not accepted by Krsna. Therefore, killing on the battlefield on religious principles and killing animals in the sacrificial fire are not at all considered to be acts of violence, because everyone is benefited by the religious principles involved. Such animals are automatically given a higher birth in their next life and the ksatriya gets liberation directly.
Sva dharma - liberated and non liberated stage - In liberated stage we are doing our duties based on pleasing Krsna and this is pure dev. service. In non liberated stage do sadhana bhakti to come to the stage of liberated stage. Do your duty so you can set them as examples, so people can follow what's right and wrong. Sometimes people copy people they look up to, haence SP makes another description - sva dharma is called varnasrama dharma. Everyone in this nature they rise to higher planetary system and hence they are alled varnasrama dharma. Hence we should say Davi - varnasrama dharma . You feel like are you doing for your satisfaction. If you follow nicely then in next life you get a higher life etc.Also speaks about the
V 32:Here he condemns Arjuna's speech an d Krsna also sayd that Ksatriya is happy when they get these fighting opportunity as they go to the heavenly planets. Even when they are not looking, when someone challenges they are happy and they want to fight. Arjuna was not able to appreciate this poiition. This is a karma kanda process as here Ksatriyas want to go to the heavely planets.
V33: He was a great fighter and he also had got fame and blessing from Lord Siva. This verse totally defeats his argument of incuring sins. Krsna is saying if you don't do your religious duty you will certainly incur sins. Here he is saying how Arjuna is going to suffer. It is not noble for him to leave the battlefield.
v34: Here Krsna is saying that infamy is worse than death. Arjuna is very respectable person and if someone speaks badly about you and are dishonored then you feel very bad and it is worse than death. Here Krsna is giving his final judgement to Arjuna. Dronacharya also won't be happy seeing Arjuna go away from the battlefield and everybody would say you are a coward. Infamy is worse than death. Krsna is saying even I don't want to be known as your friend then.
V35: They will all call him a coward and hence Krsna wants him to fight. It will be more painful for Arjuna to hear that. Kstariyas have the fighting nature and are chivalrous and hence we can't think like that. Similarly, as devotees we need to do our duty our instructions from SM, do our temple duties and hence we need to perform our actions nicely, if we don't do our actions properly then people will make fun of our movement.
V37: Main thing - don't worry about the result, just do what I'm telling you to do. What you are supposed to do is more important, but the outcome is based on your karma, Krsna's desire, your desires etc - just get up and do your duty and vows (chant your 16 rounds everyday, do your 5 dev services and responsibility to family) but don't worry about the end result, do your duty properly. At this time Dhirtarastra is feeling very happy
Next how one can work in knowledge. Chapter 2 is the second longest chapter. Longest is chapter 18.
V38: For sake of duty fight. You need to fight for the sake of fighting. When you are fighting you can't think of fighting or not fighting, because as a Ksatriya that is your nature and duty. Here Krsna is putting things to rest and he is telling Arjuna that this is what needs to be done. Everything should be done for the sake of Krsna. One is doing everything to please Krsna. Do fight for the sake of fighting, this is Krsna's desire. Then you shall never incur sin. But if you act for Krsna's pleasure then there is no reaction - good or bad no reaction, but these days we are doing everything for our pleasure and that's the problem. When you take birth, you already have so many debts to take of everybody that you will miss someone and karma kanda won't allow us to repay everyone's debts.example - the king giving cows to brahmanas. Karma kanda you can make mistakes, Sooner you please Krsna, everyone is pleased and that should be our way. Niskam karma yoga is what is needed - do the activity but without any desires for the results of the duty - Detached work. When we do niskam karma, we offer results of that work also to Krsna. So we are doing it for Krsna and also the results are offered to Krsna - example Book distribution - for Krsna and results are also offered to Krsna. Difference between Nishkaarm karma yoga for a devotee vs non devotee.
39-53 : Buddhi yoga - working for Krsna with his intelligence so there is no reaction.
V39:So far explained by analytical study (29-30 jnana difference between matter spirt, soul and body) sO far Krsna hasn't asked Arjuna to renounce activites. This is like niskam karma yoga - work in knowledge but detached from the results - what results misery or happiness. Practical application of how a soul can apply this knowledge. SP explains - one works for the pleasure of Krsna and that is the difference. Not just do it for Krsna but to please him - Best is to please Krsna, do something to please him. Sankhya yoga is once you understand soul and body you come to buddhi yoga. Jnana is used to perform duty but is used to please Krsna. Sankhya means looking into details but Sankhya yoga is different. Everything we have is going to pulled out from our fingers at time of death so we need to open ourselves to this fact and hence don't become attached to too many things in our life. Last paragraph is very important.Then we are doing buddhi yoga or bhakti yoga when we are doing everything for Krsna's pleasure in cooperation with others. Bottomline when we do service nicely and we are trying to please the Lord, then the Lord from within will guide him so he can understand his eternal position and help him go back home back to Godhead.
karma kanda - is only interested in fruitive results. Brahmanas guide such persons. Bottom of the pack and lower than these people are barbarians etc.
higher than karma kanda is sakaam karma yoga
Sakaam karma yoga - lot of material desires. Demigods are sakaam karma yogis but are still bhaktas for Krsna. When they are doing things for Krsna they are always hoping something for themselves. They approach Krsna but also hope something for themselves. Higher than that is niskaam karma yoga.
Niskaam karma yoga BY Devotee of Krsna.- Higher than that. Working with no desires but their desires are to please Krsna, they are not interested in the results. Another group in this Jnanis - they will do it but they don't want any reactions. They do it with detachment but they don't want it any results but not for Krsna so it's a little lower - their desires is to merge with the brahman.
But higher than than is Bhakti yoga.
The main point is to please Krsna is whatever you do and you can advance by doing service to advanced devotees. You ask the advanced devotee what service can you do for them. When you do nice service to the best of your ability, they will be please and when Krsna's dear devotee is pleased then Krsna is pleased and then he will give you the ability to understand the scriptures and make advancement in your spiritual life. Hence it is very important to please your Spiritual Master by doing service for him based on his instructions - example - book distribution - make progress in unique ways to increase book distribution and then Gurudeva is going to be very happy and that will give allow you to make progress in devotional service.
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